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360-Degree Rotatable Head
The head is able to rotate 360 degrees without moving the base of the microscope and disturbing the magnification.
A
Achromatic Objectives
Objectives designed to bring the red and blue parts of the visible light spectrum into the same focus while bringing green and other colors into a shorter focus.
Arm
The main vertical section supporting a microscope.
B
Base
The main horizontal section which supports the microscope.
Binocular Head
An optical instrument designed for simultaneous use of both eyes.
C
Calibrated Pointers
A calibrated scale fitted into the eyepiece, which can be used to measure objects.
Coarse Focus
Comes with every microscope. The knob can be turned to focus rather quickly.
Coaxial Coarse and Fine Focus
Having both the coarse and fine focus operate on a single axis, so the knobs are concentric (usually with the coarse focus being the larger of the two knobs on the same side).
Compound Microscope
A microscope that magnifies in two stages by means of an objective and an eyepiece.
Condenser
A small glass lens, built into or under the stage to gather and focus light.
D
Diaphragm
Controls the amount of light that passes through the object to be viewed.
DIN Standard - 'Deutsche Industrie Norm'
A microscope purchased with the DIN Standard can be replaced with a lens from nearly any microscope company in the world.
Diopter
An optical lens that adjusts to help view through a refractive correction.
Disc Diaphragm
A disc with five or six different sized holes fitted under the stage of a microscope. As the disc is turned, one after another of the holes swings in place beneath the opening on the stage for the light. It controls the amount of light that passes up through the specimen.
E
Eyepiece (Ocular)
The lens system in microscope that is nearest your eye. It magnifies the image formed by the objective.
F
Fine Focus
Allows a higher focus of small features on an object. Example: an ant's eye, a fly's wing, a cell tissue.
Fluorescent
Consists of a gas filled tube, which when electrified, comes above with light. More expensive to purchase but less expensive to operate. Images are sharper, clearer, and cleaner when illuminated with fluorescent light.
G
H
Halogen
Used mainly in medical or research use.
I
Illuminator Switch
Turns the light source on or off.
In Base Illuminator (Koehler Illumination)
A well-corrected lamp condenser that is used to project an image of the light source into the lower focal plane of the sub-stage condenser.
Incident Illumination
Illumination of the specimen from the top.
Iris Diaphragm
A device under the microscope stage that uses a series of metal leaves that work together to control the size of the opening through which light passes into the condenser.
J
K
L
Lamp Condenser
A lens adjacent to the light source that will project a parallel beam of light towards the bottom lens of the condenser.
LED
Newest lighting option. Rechargeable batteries power the LED light. Produces a very bright, white light and less heat than a fluorescent bulb.
M
Mechanical Stage
Allows the movement of the slide slowly and precisely giving the exact control of the slide position.
Monocular
An optical instrument designed for use with one eye.
N
Nosepiece
Positioned at the lower end of the head of a microscope that contains the objective(s).
O
Objectives
The lens or lenses nearest the object that serve to focus light to form the image of the object.
Oil Immersion Objective (100X oil objective)
An objective designed to be used with immersion oil between the front lens and the surface of the specimen.
P
Q
R
Reverse Nosepiece
Positioned at the lower end of the head of a microscope that contains the objective(s) that can reverse.
Revolving Nosepiece
The part of the microscope that holds the objectives, which can be rotated into place.
Rubber Feet
Attached to the bottom of the microscope to prevent movement.
S
Slip Clutch
Allows the focus knob to slip (i.e. turn in place) without damaging the scope's focus gear system.
Stage
The "table" or platform upon that the object is placed for microscopic examination. A plain stage is equipped with simple stage clips. A mechanical stage incorporates devices for precise movement of the object.
Stage Clip
A clip that fastens a slide to the stage of the microscope.
Stage Rack Stop
A built in devise that stops the stage from going to high, preventing damage of the objectives.
Stereo Microscope
A microscope designed to produce a three-dimensional image. It consists of two optical paths, set side by side at a slight angle, to produce a stereoscopic image of the object.
Sub-stage Illumination
The part of a microscope located below the stage to which a mirror, light, etc. can be attached.
T
Tungsten
"Incandescent Light"– Most common and least expensive type of bulb available today. They glow with light when an electrical charge is put through their tungsten filaments. Gives off an excess amount of heat.
U
V
W
Wide Field
The lens opening is significantly larger than one that isn't a wide field.
X
Y
Z
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